Zambia Rebukes US Over $50 Million Aid Cut Amid Drug Theft Allegations

Zambia’s government has issued a strong diplomatic rebuke following the United States’ decision to slash $50 million (approximately 1.4 billion Zambian kwacha) in annual health aid, citing the widespread theft of donated medical supplies. The move, announced by US Ambassador Michael Gonzales, has sparked both gratitude and concern among Zambians, even as the government reaffirms its commitment to accountability and reform.

Foreign Minister Mulambo Haimbe criticised what he termed an “increasing tendency” among foreign envoys to circumvent established diplomatic channels, describing such behaviour as a violation of the principles of mutual respect. Although Haimbe did not directly name the US, his statement came days after Ambassador Gonzales publicly disclosed the aid suspension, following what he called “fruitless” efforts to spur action from Zambian officials.

Root of the Crisis

The US decision stems from a probe initiated in 2021, which revealed that a staggering 95% of over 2,000 surveyed pharmacies across Zambia were selling stolen medicines. Nearly half were reportedly selling drugs donated specifically by the United States.

Ambassador Gonzales, visibly emotional during a press conference, decried the “systematic theft” of life-saving medications and lambasted the Zambian government’s “minimal action” in addressing the crisis, despite 33 high-level meetings and an offer of technical assistance.

He acknowledged the historic partnership between the two nations, highlighting that the US has invested approximately $600 million annually in Zambia, with $128 million dedicated to health, including vital treatments for HIV, malaria and tuberculosis.

Government Response and Reforms

In response, Health Minister Elijah Muchima expressed deep regret over the thefts, noting they predate the current administration, which took office in 2021. He affirmed that decisive steps had been taken, including the suspension of senior officials at the Zambia Medicines & Medical Supplies Agency (ZAMMSA), the introduction of a digital stock tracking system, and the formation of a Joint National Drug Task Force.

Home Affairs Minister Jacob Mwiimbu added that a forensic audit had been completed and submitted to law enforcement, resulting in the arrest of 75 individuals across over 400 health facilities. “There will be no sacred cows in this pursuit,” he asserted.

Despite the gravity of the US aid cut, Muchima reassured citizens that there is “no immediate risk of shortages,” and that 75% of the population continues to have access to essential medicines.

Diplomatic Frictions and Sovereignty Concerns

The Zambian government maintains that international concerns should be addressed through appropriate diplomatic frameworks. Minister Haimbe’s warning underscores a broader pushback against perceived overreach by donor nations, emphasising Zambia’s right to sovereignty and respect in international relations.

“The Republic of Zambia remains open to collaboration but insists that mutual respect and proper diplomatic conduct must be upheld,” he said.

Broader Implications and Global Context

The $50 million cut is distinct from broader US foreign aid reductions under former President Donald Trump, whose administration halted billions in global health funding. This includes programmes administered by USAID, which have affected shipments of critical drugs across Africa.

Analysts warn of a looming health crisis. Dr Paul Spiegel of Johns Hopkins University described the US’s measured withdrawal—allowing Zambia until January 2026 to transition—as rare but crucial. Still, he noted the risk of devastating consequences if alternative funding is not secured.

Former presidential adviser and political analyst Dr Chris Zumani Zimba reflected on the dual reaction within Zambia: gratitude to the US for exposing corruption and concern over the healthcare impact. “In many communities, it feels like a funeral announcement,” he remarked.

A Path Forward

Despite strained relations, Ambassador Gonzales reiterated America’s enduring support for Zambia’s development. “We are no longer willing to underwrite corruption, but we remain committed to a healthier, prosperous Zambia,” he said.

Zambia’s leadership now faces a critical moment: to restore public trust, assert national integrity, and rebuild international confidence while ensuring that the most vulnerable do not suffer the cost of systemic failures.